A proposed western railroad expansion aimed at boosting crude oil production in Utah is coming before the Supreme Court in a case that could have wider effects on federal environmental regulation.

The Supreme Court justices will weigh the fate of an 88-mile railroad project that would transport crude oil in Utah as they consider a dispute over whether federal officials conducted a stringent enough environmental review before approving it.

The 88-mile Uinta Basin Railway, if built, would connect the remote, oil-rich Uinta Basin to the rest of the country and refineries on the Gulf Coast. The railroad could quintuple the region’s oil exports, according to a 2021 environmental review.