Background While previous research has suggested that there is an association between fluoride ingestion and the incidence of hypothyroidism, few population level studies have been undertaken. In ...

Introduction Delayed access to antenatal care (‘late booking’) has been linked to increased mortality and morbidity for mother and baby. The Confidential Enquiry into Maternal Deaths in the UK (2007) ...

Background Acute bronchitis (AB) is one of the principal causes of childhood morbidity. Increasing number of studies has shown that air pollution is an important environmental contributor of ...

Neighbourhood environments are likely to affect health outcomes in a variety of different ways. Previous submissions to the JECH Gallery have illustrated this fact. For example, Ellaway and Mcintyre ...

Background: Postnatal care helps prevent neonatal deaths. This study aims to examine factors associated with non-utilisation of postnatal care in Indonesia. Methods: A cross-sectional analytic study ...

Background Intermediate care (IC) acts as a bridging service between hospital and home, for those deemed medically fit for discharge but who are delayed in hospital. The aim of this study was to ...

The HIV/AIDS pandemic has so far caused about 35 million deaths, while 34 million individuals currently live with HIV.1 ,2 Even if this will have no impact on the course of the epidemic, understanding ...

Introduction The COVID-19 Claims Reimbursement for Vaccine Administration for the Uninsured Programme (COVID-19 Uninsured Programme), a novel, short-term federal initiative, reimbursed providers for ...

Background Individuals with a learning disability (also referred as intellectual disability in international literature) comprise 1% of the global population. They often require medication for chronic ...

Paternal discrepancy (PD) occurs when a child is identified as being biologically fathered by someone other than the man who believes he is the father. This paper examines published evidence on levels ...

Background: Directed acyclic graphs, or DAGs, are a useful graphical tool in epidemiologic research that can help identify appropriate analytical strategies in addition to potential unintended ...

Study objective: To quantify the burden of ill health in the UK that can be attributed to food (the burden of food related ill health). Design: Review and further analysis of the results of work ...