The ship’s pilot helped his family reach freedom, then served in the Civil War and in the U.S. Congress. Robert Smalls’s ...
He had experience in Congress as both a representative and senator, and had been secretary of war under President Franklin ...
Randolph, who was raised in Columbia and ... a slave-holding, pre-Civil War society and, secondly, of the white supremacist Jim Crow era of segregation when South Carolina Blacks were denied ...
Cities like Charleston and Columbia ... people. South Carolina’s history is marked by its transitions from colonial prosperity to revolutionary struggle, and from Civil War devastation to ...