By creating a new way for light and matter to interact, researchers at the University of California, Irvine have enabled the ...

Silicon, like carbon, has a half-full outermost valence shell ... N-type semiconductors have mobile electrons; p-type semiconductors have mobile "holes." It turns the whole system into an ...

2 At an atomic level, metals have a high density of loosely bound valence electrons that can move freely throughout the material, enabling efficient current flow with minimal resistance under applied ...

Scientists from MIT have modeled an elusive superconductor using a much larger stand-in. By shaping atoms with lasers and ...

N-type semiconductors use dopant atoms from elements in group V, with five or more electrons in their valence shell. Readily available phosphorus is a common choice. The "spare" electron from each ...

These materials are primarily understood as insulators, but their nature causes all the isolated islands of conduction—the ...

Researchers have come up with a way to turn silicon into a direct bandgap semiconductor, opening the door to the manufacture of ultrathin silicon solar cells.

Diamonds have an ultra-wide bandgap — namely the energy difference between the valence band, where electrons are bound to the atoms, and the conduction band, where electrons are free to move and ...

By creating a new way for light and matter to interact, researchers have enabled the manufacturing of ultrathin silicon solar ...

At the heart of an InGaN LED are InGaN quantum wells, buried within a GaN p-n junction. These devices often feature an AlGaN barrier, used to prevent the overflow of electrons from the quantum well.