In the first comprehensive, cell-by-cell analysis of brain tissue from individuals with Tourette syndrome, researchers have ...

The researchers also found that medium spiny neurons—brain cells that make up 90% of cells in the basal ganglia—showed signs of metabolic stress in individuals with Tourette disorder.

A study by Duke University neuroscientists uncovers the role of dopamine in guiding song learning in juvenile zebra finches.

The basal ganglia are a set of subcortical structures that interact with the cerebral cortex to regulate motor, cognitive and affective function through reinforcement learning and action selection.