The bang-bang (all-or-nothing) reproductive strategy model for annual eusocial insect colonies, proposed by S. Macevicz, G. Oster, and E. O. Wilson, does not apply to temperate vespine wasps. Errors ...

Wasps and bees are hard to avoid in the warm summer months, though hornets are lesser-spotted. The UK’s native hornet, known as Vespa crabro, plays an important role as a pollinator and predator of ...