The last time we saw 4D printing, there were magnets involved ... the envelope with new techniques like conical slicing, for example.

Similarly, scientists at Deakin University in Australia are researching 4D-printing robotic joints with variable stiffness that can help with rehabilitation. For example, an arm could get stiffer ...

The last time we saw 4D printing, there were magnets involved ... the envelope with new techniques like conical slicing, for example.

A Chinese research team has developed a single-step femtosecond laser 4D printing technology that enables rapid and precise micro-scale deformation of smart hydrogels. This innovation, inspired by the ...

D printing of tubular biocomposites reveals moisture-sensitive actuators, offering insights into programmable materials for environmental responsiveness.